In the readings this week we notice a difference of opinion on the usage of the term "digital native". In the reading “Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants” by Marc Prensky From On the Horizon (MCB University Press Vol 9 No 5, October, 2001) he writes,
"Children raised with the computer ―think differently from the rest of us. They develop hypertext
minds. They leap around. It’s as though their cognitive structures were parallel, not sequential. Linear thought processes that dominate educational systems now can actually retard learning for
brains developed through game and Web-surfing processes on the computer." (Prensky, 2001, p.3)
Prensky believes that because a person was born during an age of technology they are more adept at its language and usage. He also uses the term "digital immigrant" to describe people that were born before the digital age of technology. The terms are used to highlight the differences that exposure to technology has had on a persons ability to process and seek out information. Prensky discusses how this exposure enables the digital natives to use technology with ease because their brain has been "taught" to process information differently, that there is an actual physiological difference in how their brain works due to exposure to technology. He asserts that the digital immigrants must work harder to learn the "language" of digital media. Today's teachers, who are considered digital immigrants, must change the means of educational engagement to digital formats in order to meet the learning style and preferences of the digital native. Teacher need to assimilate to the digital way of "speaking" to youth. The differences between the natives and the immigrants are the root of today's educational issues. In this article, Digital Native or Digital Immigrant, What Language Do You Speak ?, they discuss how to bridge the language barrier between native and immigrant.
In the reading Its Complicated, by Danah Boyd (https://www.danah.org/books/ItsComplicated.pdf) we read a differing opinion.
"The notion of the digital native, whether constructed positively or negatively, has serious unintended consequences. Not only is it fraught, but it obscures the uneven distribution of technological skills and media literacy across the youth population, presenting an inaccurate portrait of young people as uniformly prepared for the digital era and ignoring the assumed level of privilege required to be “native.” Worse, by not doing the work necessary to help youth develop broad digital competency, educators and the public end up reproducing digital inequality because more privileged youth often have more opportunities to develop these skills outside the classroom. Rather than focusing on coarse generational categories, it makes more sense to focus on the skills and knowledge that are necessary to make sense of a mediated
world. Both youth and adults have a lot to learn." (Boyd, 2014, pgs.179-180)
Boyd approaches the "digital native" concept from a literacy perspective that discusses the varying degrees of differences in digital competency for the so called natives. Levels of exposure to technology vary and abilities to navigate their usage is not consistent for any generation and therefore not a "given" simply due to when you were born. In this framework we can see how harmful this "digital native" concept can be to how we approach supporting digital learning in schools. Boyd believes that although youth were born into a digital world and they are deeply engaged with technology, it does not give them with an inherent knowledge or skill set.
While I can understand Prensky's belief that technology can be viewed as a language learned most easily at a young age and that it affects how the brain learns, he does not look at the broader picture. Just because a person learns a language from birth it does not necessarily mean that they can read or write in that language with the same proficiency as all other people who learned to speak that language from birth. Additional skills are built through exposure and access to them, quality instruction, and learning style/ability. There is a YouTube video that I watched that helped support this argument. I agree with Boyd that when we look at how technology affects how youth access information it is more effective to support digital literacy and critical thinking around the information they consume and create. These skills are important to ALL users of technology, regardless of age.